Geography and Landscape
Where is Lesotho located?
Lesotho is located in Southern Africa and is an enclaved country entirely surrounded by South Africa. It is situated in the eastern part of South Africa.
Which mountain range covers most of Lesotho and makes it the "Sky Kingdom"?
The Drakensberg Mountains, also known as the Maluti Mountains, rise dramatically through the heart of Lesotho.
What is the highest point in Lesotho, and what does its name mean?
Thabana Ntlenyana, meaning "Big Mountain", soars to 3,482 meters (11,421 feet), making it the highest point in southern Africa.
Lesotho sits entirely within the borders of which larger country?
South Africa completely surrounds Lesotho, making it an enclave.
What major river flows through Lesotho and eventually feeds into the Orange River?
The Caledon River carves its path through the mountainous landscape of Lesotho.
What percentage of Lesotho's land is considered arable or suitable for agriculture?
Only about 10% of Lesotho's terrain is deemed arable due to its mountainous and rocky nature.
Culture and People
What is the most widely spoken language in Lesotho?
Sesotho, a Bantu language, is the official language spoken by the majority of the population.
What colorful, conical hats are traditionally worn by Basotho women and men?
The mokorotlo, often decorated with intricate beadwork, is a symbol of Basotho culture and identity.
What traditional weaving technique produces blankets and other textiles, often featuring geometric patterns?
Lesotho is known for its vibrant and intricate Basotho weaving, passed down through generations.
What sport is widely popular in Lesotho and played on horseback?
Polo, known as polocrosse in Lesotho, is a fast-paced equestrian sport enjoyed by locals and tourists alike.
What is the traditional Basotho dwelling called, and what materials are used to build it?
A moholo is a circular, stone-walled structure with a thatched roof, offering shelter and communal living space.
History and Government
Who founded the Basotho Kingdom in the early 19th century?
King Moshoeshoe I united various Basotho clans and established the independent Kingdom of Lesotho.
In what year did Lesotho gain independence from Great Britain?
Lesotho officially became an independent nation in 1966.
What type of government does Lesotho have?
Lesotho is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system, where the King serves as Head of State and the Prime Minister as Head of Government.
What is the name of Lesotho's national currency?
The Lesotho loti (LSL) is the official currency, often pegged to the South African rand.
What international organization is Lesotho a member of, alongside countries like Botswana and Swaziland?
Lesotho is a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), which fosters regional cooperation and development.
Economy and Resources
What is the main source of income for many Basotho people?
Subsistence farming and animal husbandry are crucial to the livelihoods of many rural communities in Lesotho.
What valuable resource is found in the mountains of Lesotho and contributes to its economy?
Diamonds are mined in Lesotho, although the industry faces challenges with sustainability and equitable distribution.
Lesotho enjoys a unique climate due to its high altitude. What does this mean for its agricultural potential?
The cool mountain temperatures support the cultivation of crops like wheat and maize, unlike many warmer parts of Africa.
What hydroelectric project provides a significant portion of Lesotho's electricity and also benefits South Africa?
The Lesotho Highlands Water Project generates hydropower and transfers water to South Africa, creating economic benefits for both countries.
What challenges does Lesotho face in terms of economic development and poverty reduction?
Lesotho struggles with high unemployment, income inequality, and dependence on international aid, despite its efforts to diversify its economy.
What nickname does Lesotho have due to its high altitude?
Lesotho is often called the "Kingdom in the Sky" because its entire territory sits above 1,000 meters (3,280 feet) in elevation. This unique position makes it the highest country in southern Africa and offers stunning mountain vistas and cool, crisp air.